Rotary impact type turning tool



May 9, 1950 D. R. LEMMERMAN 2,507,167

ROTARY IMPACT TYPE TURNING TOOL Filed DSC. 20, 1946 MNHN* INVENTOR DONALD R., L EMMERMAN ATTORNEY Patented May 9, 1950 UNITED STATES FTENT OFFICE ROTARY IMPACT TYPE TURNING TOOL Donald Richard Lemmerman, Minneapolis, Minn.

Application December 20, 1946, Serial No. 717,412

2 claims. (c1. 145-50) This invention has relation to a tool adapted to be applied to use for various purposes but which has been devised to be more especially useful for seating or tightening or loosening or unseating screws, bolts, nuts, etc.

An object of the invention is to provide a tool of the present character which will be of novel and improved construction.

A further object is to provide a seating and unseating tool, adapted to be employed to fasten down and release articles such as screws, bolts, nuts, etc., wherein will be incorporated desirable and improved features and characteristics of ccnstruction novel both as individual entities of the seating and unseating tool and in combination with each other.

And a further object is to provide a new and improved tool for tightening and loosening articles such as screws, bolts, nuts, etc., of construction as hereinafter set forth.

With the above objects in view. as well as others which will appear as the specification proceeds, the invention comprises the construction, arrangement and combination of parts as now to be fully described and as hereinafter to be specically claimed, it being understood that the disclosure herein is merely illustrative and intended in no way in a limiting sense, changes in details of construction and arrangement of parts being permissible as long as within the spirit of the :5

invention and the scope of the claims which follow.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification:

Fig. l is a side elevational view, partially broken away, of a seating and unseating tool made according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevational View, partially in section and partially broken away, of a seating and unseating tool as when constituted as an ordinary screw driver;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view, taken on line 3 3 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is an end elevational view of the seating and unseating tool as it would appear from the top of the sheet in either Fig. 1 or Fig. 2; and

Fig. 5 is a side elevational view of a socket Wrench shank or bit capable of being employed as a part of a seating and unseating tool including features and characteristics of the invention;

With respect to the drawing and the numerals of reference thereon, I D denotes a body member or driver and Il indicates an object engaging shank or bit of the new and improved seating and unseating tool. As disclosed in Figs. 2 and 3 the gli) shank or bit is constituted as a screw driver shank or bit, and as shown in Fig. 4 the shank or bit is constituted as a socket wrench shank or bit. Both the body member or driver lil and the shank or bit Il of course will be composed of metal or material suitable to the purposes of the seating and unseating tool.

The body member or driver I!) is constituted as a comparatively massive entity of polygonal configuration having a longitudinally extending concavity l2 which opens to the inner end of said body member or driver and is dened or bounded by an internal cylindrical surface I3 of the body member or driver coincident with the length of the concavity and an internal transverse surface I4 of said body member or driver at the base or bottom of said concavity.

The shank or bit Il is constituted as an elongated element having a cylindrical head or attachment end portion I5 adapted to be snugly fitted into the longitudinally extending concavity l2 of the body member or driver itl in such manner that an external cylindrical surface iB of said cylindrical head or attachment end portion will be capable of having both rotative and longitudinal sliding movement within and relative to said body member or driver.

I'lhe cylindrical head or attachment end portion i5 of the shank or bit Il includes a transversely extending guideway ll adapted to snugly. slidably receive a connecting pin i8 of the seating and unseating tool. Said connecting pin I8 is as shown of cylindrical conformation, and of a length somewhat greater than a measurement representing the dimension of the diameter of said cylindrical head or attachment end portion l5. The connecting pin i3 is mounted in the transverse guideway Il to be capable of being situated so that its opposite end portions project outwardly to equal extent from diametrically opposite sides of the cylindrical head or attachment end portion l5 as said connecting pin is disclosed in Fig. 3 of the drawing, or situated so that either end of the connecting pin selectively can be situated within the confines of said cylindrical head or attachment end portion l5 at one side thereof While the opposite end portion projects to greater extent than in said Fig` 3 from the other or opposite side of the cylindrical head or attachment end portion.v Stated otherwise, the connecting pin 8 is adapted to be selectively detachably fastened in three different operative positions. A first operative position for said connecting pin is as disclosed in Fig. 3 where the connecting pin is shown as situated so that its midlength is at the longitudinal center of the cylindrical head or attachment end portion i and its opposite end portions extend to equal distance beyond diametrically opposite sides of said cylindrical head or attachment end portion, a second operative position for said connecting pin is one in which the left end of the connecting pin is within the confines-of the left side of the cylindrical head or attachment Vend portion I5 and the right end portion of said connecting pin extends to greater distance beyond the right side of said cylindrical head or attachment end portion than in said Fig, 3, and a third operativepositionier-the connecting pin is one in which :therightsendof said connecting pin is within the connues of the right side of the cylindrical head .or attachment end portion I5 and the left end portion .Koi-.the connecting pin extends .to greater distance 'be- Vyond the left side of said cylindrical head or 'attachment end Aportion Athan in -Fig. 3.

The coi/meeting pin I8 includes circumferen- -tially7 extending notches, denoted t9, `2i! and 2i, respectively, which are situated in yadjacent relation to each other along an"intermediate Aportion Vof the length of and arranged perpendicularly to said connecting pin. YThe lcentral cir- Yculri-ferentially extending notch Zllis as shown at the m'idlength of the'connecting'pin andthe zcircurnferentially extending notches vIt and 2l `are at either side of said central circumferentially extending notch20.

"The cylindrical' head or V'attachment en-d portion 'I5 of the 'shank or bit Il 'supports "an elejment, constituted as 'a imeta'lball' 221in the Vdisclosure 'as made, for detachably fastening .the connecting pin I8 in any one of the lthree "diiierent operative vpositions said connecting pin is capable `of assuming. More eXpliCity, said cylinidr-ical head or attachment end portion yI 5 includes a longitudinally extending Well or pocket 23situated axially of vthe shank or bit II and opening to its inner end. The metalball 22 is adapted to :be receivedV in the well or pocket-23m such manner 'that said metal ball Will vbe engaged against a conical oase '2d of said Well or pocket With a part of the surface of l'the metal ball projecting"throughareduced opening 25 lcontiguous withthe guideway .Il `and surrounded by said conical hase 24. A relatively `small compressioncoil spring 26'Withinthe'wel1'or pocket 23, between said metal ball'221and a plug'll' in said Well or pocket, is adapted to .i'esiliently urge'the metal ball'to seated position vin one oi the notches I9, 29 or '2`I, as the case may be. The construction. and arrangement Will besuch that the metal ball 22 willbe'come,released from a notch inwhich seated in response to manual slidinginovement of'the connecting fpin "8 in either direction'and become .seated 'in the next .adjacent notch. Y Y

Theinner endvrportion of Athe *body member or drive IIJ includes obliquely disposed, duplicate, elongated slots, indicated 28 and 29, respective- 1y, which are situatedat diametrically opposite sides of the longitudinally extending :concavity I2. Said obliquely disposed, duplicate, Yelongatedslots 23 .and .Zdslant'in -the same direction relative-to Vsaid body member .or driver l Vand 'lie in a single plane situated at uright angle relation'to the body `rnerriber or Adriver 'in oblique relation to its longitudinal axis. The inner ends o the'oblique'ly disposed, 'duplicata elongated slots 28,29 terminate in ra single plane .situated at right angle relation to said body 'member or Vstraight edge follower surfaces, indicated 32 and '33,respectively- The straight edge camming and .15..follower surfaces .3!) and 32 are in parallel relation, as are also 'the straight edge camming and ollowervsurfaces i3! and 33.

A.-.comparatively large compression coil spring 34 within the longitudinally extending concavity I2 and having one oi its ends engaged against the internal transverse Ysurface I4 of the "body member or driver It? and its other end'engaged `againstfthef-inner or upperfend of' the vcylindrical head 'or Vattach:nentend Vportion I5 of thesharik 0r bit l l is for urging said body'member `or-driver and saidshank or bit to be moved indirection away from eachother.

In Fig. 3 of the drawings "the opposite end portions `of lthe lconnecting pin i3 "are'disclosed as 'situated vwithin the velongated. vslots 2id and-29 thusto cause 'the shank er bit'fll 'to'be'fretained inixed relation to 4vthe body Imember or driver I0' and the'toolto be capable of 'use as an ordinaryscrevv driver; ror -as an ordinarywvrenchin an instance when a shankV or 'hit -ass disclosed Aiin Fig. 5 is substituted for the shankorbit-asshown in said"Fig. v`3. It will be appar-ent that-the'ltendency oi the comparatively largecompression coil spring i3d to `move the shank or bit 'I I-au/ay'irom the body member or driver il) when said :shank or bit -is retained insaid'bodymemberfor ldriver in fthe'manner as shown inFig. 3 -wi-lllbe resisted 1by reason Lo the iact'fthat'the opposite end portions of the connectingpin I3 are-engaged against fthe oclidueiy disposed, straight `vfol-lower surfaces 32 and 33 lat the midleng'ths-olsaid'ollower surfaces, and 'that tendency of mannal'force exerted in practical use of thetocl Ito 'move'the shank'or bit toward the bodymember'or y'driver when retained -as vin said YFig. 3 will be resisted by reason of the'fact that the opposite fend"portions of sm'd connecting pin are engaged aga-'inst the obliquely disposed, straight camn'iingsurfaces 39 and 3| at the niidlengths of fsaid v'cainrnirrg surfaces.

Evidently, with adjustment of the connecting pin I8 toward either right or vleft in Fig. '3 to cause one of 4its ends "to be released V4from the corresponding elongated slot, 2B yor as Athe. case ymay be, the Vcon'ipression coil spring 34 will' act to cause the shank or bit fIl to be movedin direction away from the body member 'or driver I0 to extent causing said connecting pin tobe' movedtot'he outer or'lower limit `oi the elongated slot in which `the connecting pin was permitted' to remain.

'In Fig. l-of the draWingsthe connecting pin I.8 'is disclosed as when .removed from .theeloingated'slotd and lsituated atthe outer'limitf of the elongated slot 28 'by 'reason of resiliencyoi Y the compression coil spring 3-3.

.'It will be "apparent that-'a hammer blowof some intensity struck A`againstthe outer or upper endfofjthe-'body member'or driver 10,'Wnil'e "fthe Yconnectingpin I8-is-s`ituated -at the *lower limit of the elongated slot 2S and clear of the elongated slot 29 with the shank or bit il engaged against an object, such as a screw, bolt, nut, etc., intended to be turned, will not only cause the compression coil spring 3A. to be collapsed but also will cause the straight camniing surface 39 to be forcibly slid downwardly aiong said connecting pin thus to jarringly force said shank or bit to have tendency toward turning movement adapted to accomplish seating or unseating action upon said object, depending upon Whether its thread, or equivalent, is right or left. Also it will be apparent that the type of action as just described will occur when a hammer blow is struck against the body member or driver while the connecting pin is situated at the lower limit of the elongated slot 2Q and clear of the elongated slot 28, but the turning tendency will be in opposite or reverse direction by reason of forcible sliding of the straight camming 3i downwardly along the connecting pin.

What is claimed is:

l. A tool of the character described comprising a driver having a circular socket extending inwardly from one end, a shank having a cylindrical end portion snugly tted into said socket to be capable of having a rotative and longitudinal movement relative to said driver, and a connecting pin mounted for longitudinal movement in and of greater length than a transverse guideway through said end portion of the shank, said driver having obliquely disposed, elongated slots one a right spiral and the other a left spiral situated at diametrically opposed positions on said driver and opening into said socket, all side surfaces of said right and left spiral slots being alined in a direction transversely of the longitudinal axis of the socket, and said connecting pin being manually adjustable to simultaneously situate the outer ends thereof in said right and left .spiral slots, or to situate one end in said right spiral slot with the opposite end positioned within the confines of the cylindrical end portion, or to situate said opposite end in said left spiral slot with said one end positioned within the ccnnes oi said cylindrical end portion.

2. The combination as specified in claim 1, and a compression spring in said socket resiliently urging said driver and said shank in direction away from each other.

DONALD RICHARD LEMMERMAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,731,979 Krummel Oct. 15, 1929 1,743,505 Turgeon Jan. 14, 1930 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 803,270 France June 29, 1936 343,400 Italy Sept. 28, 1936 

